A Timeline of Sheffield

By Tim Lambert

c. 1120

A castle is built on the site Sheffield. Afterward, a little town grows up in the shadow of the castle.

1266

Sheffield Castle burns

1270

The castle is rebuilt

c. 1300

There are cutlers in Sheffield

c. 1380

Chaucer mentions a Sheffield knife. The little town is already known for its cutlery.

1600

Sheffield is the main town outside London where cutlery is made

1603

Thomas Crowland leaves money in his will to found a grammar school

1617

Sheffield has a population of 2,207

1624

A Company of Cutlers is founded

1628

A workhouse is built

1642

During the English Civil War Royalists occupy Sheffield

1644

Parliamentary troops capture Sheffield

1648

Sheffield Castle is destroyed

1690

The population of Sheffield is about 5,000

1707

A boy’s charity school is founded

1721

Earl Gilbert’s Hospital is founded

1756

The road from Sheffield to Derby is turnpiked

1758

The road to Leeds is turnpiked

1762

Assembly Rooms are built

1763

The first theatre in Sheffield is built. The population is over 10,000.

1773

Sheffield is given its own silver assay office

1801

Sheffield has a population of more than 31,000

1818

Improvement Commissioners are formed to pave and clean the streets. The streets of Sheffield are lit by gas.

1832

Cholera kills 402 people. A dispensary opens where the poor can obtain free medicines.

1836

The first cemetery is formed. The Botanical Gardens opens.

1843

Sheffield is given a charter

1851

Sheffield has a population of over 135,000

1856

Sheffield gains a public library

1864

Sheffield bans the building of back-to-backs (houses joined back to back). A dam bursts and the flood kills 240 people.

1873

Horse drawn trams run in the streets

1875

Ruskin Gallery is founded

1887

Mappin Art Gallery opens

1897

Sheffield Town Hall is built

1899

The first electric trams run in Sheffield

1900

The population of Sheffield is over 400,000

1905

Sheffield University is founded

1910

The first cinema in Sheffield opens

1916

Sheffield is bombed by zeppelins and 28 people are killed

1934

Graves Art Gallery opens

World War II

Bombing kills 589 people in Sheffield

1959

Castle Market Shopping Centre is built

1985

The Fire/Police Museum opens

1990

Meadowhall Shopping Centre is built

1991

Sheffield Museum of Popular Music opens

1994

The Sheffield Supertram begins running

1997

Sheffield City Airport opens

2001

Millennium Gallery opens. The population of Sheffield is 513,000.

2003

The National Ice Centre opens. The Winter Garden opens.

2006

Millennium Square opens

2010

The population of Sheffield is 547,000