A Timeline of Birmingham

By Tim Lambert

1166

The king grants the right to hold a weekly market in Birmingham. It becomes a busy little market town.

1250

The people of Birmingham are given the right to hold an annual fair

1380

Birmingham is becoming known for its metalworking industry

1500

Birmingham has a population of about 1,500

1560

The population has risen to around 2,000. There is still a wool industry in Birmingham and a leather industry but metalworking is fast becoming the most important industry.

1635

Aston Hall is built

1642

Royalists sack Birmingham

1643

Royalists plunder Birmingham again

1650

The population of Birmingham is about 5,000

1695

Birmingham gains its first fire engine

1715

St Phillips Church is built

1720

The population of Birmingham is about 12,000

1750

The population of Birmingham is about 24,000

1765

Sarehole Mill is built

1769

A canal is built from Wednesbury to Birmingham. A body of men called Street Commissioners are given power to clean and light (with oil lamps) the streets of Birmingham

1779

A General Hospital is built in Birmingham

1801

The population of Birmingham is about 73,000

1818

The streets of Birmingham are lit by gas

1832

The botanical gardens open

1834

A new town hall is built in Birmingham

1838

Birmingham is connected to London by railway

1841

St Chad’s Cathedral is built

1850

Winson Green asylum opens

1856

The first public park in Birmingham opens

1861

A by-law says that all new houses in Birmingham must be connected to a sewer

1871-72

There is a smallpox epidemic in Birmingham

1873

Horse drawn trams begin running in Birmingham

1874

Another smallpox epidemic strikes Birmingham

1879

The Council House is built. A telephone exchange opens.

1881

The Council House is built. Rubery Hill asylum opens.

1882

Birmingham gains an electricity supply

1883

Smallpox strikes Birmingham again

1889

Birmingham is made a city

1890

The first electric trams run in Birmingham

1909

Birmingham University is founded

1929

Fox Hollies Park opens

1938

Queen Elizabeth Hospital opens

World War II

More than 2,000 people in Birmingham are killed by German bombing

1954

A survey shows that more than 20% of the homes in Birmingham are unfit for human habitation

1964

The Bull Ring Shopping Centre opens

1965

Birmingham Rotunda opens

1966

Aston University is founded

1987

Pavilions Shopping Centre opens

1991

The International Conference Centre and Indoor Arena opens

1998

Ikon Gallery opens

2000

Mailbox Shopping Centre opens

2001

Millennium Point opens